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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for ADHD and can boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. However, they do not cure the condition and will only help with symptoms as long as they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure and heart rate, upset stomach anxiety and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant medications notice a slight reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, a central nervous stimulant is the most well-known medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms, including a chewable tablet that is liquid and a long-acting disintegrating orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug works by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, helping to enhance concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of depression and anxiety. When coupled with other treatments, like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate could be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate is a drug that blocks transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in blood pressure and heart rate. It can also cause an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, which is why those with diabetes must be careful when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor when you experience any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate can also cause the condition known as Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness as well as pain in the toes and fingers. It is a rare but serious side result. It is important to inform your doctor in the event that these symptoms occur. There are some who believe that methylphenidate may slow the growth of children. However this hasn't been proved. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate, ensure that you monitor the weight and height carefully. If your child is on chewable tablets containing methylphenidate, it contains phenylalanine, which can be dangerous for children suffering from the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). Ask your doctor about a different formulation of methylphenidate when you suffer from PKU. Some people are unable to take stimulants which are the most popular choice of medication for treating ADHD. In these cases, doctors could prescribe a different medication that functions similarly. Apart from methylphenidate there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. best adhd medication for adults uk are usually taken every day, either twice or three times However, some people might be able to take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however they are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration while decreasing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It is part of a class called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers which regulate brain's activity. It is a favorite choice for children and adults who want a different type of medication from stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to realize that atomoxetine isn't a drug that works instantly. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. There is also the possibility of experiencing adverse effects like nausea and drowsiness. However, the benefits of atomoxetine surpass the risks for many patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the daily dose of atomoxetine 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for a period of 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine and the placebo group experienced a reduction in depression symptoms. The atomoxetine group saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In a follow-up open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants received the treatment of atomoxetine for eight weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient withdrew due to an outbreak of rash. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue. Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine, talk to your doctor about your medical history and any other supplements or medications that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medicines. Inform your doctor if any of the following conditions occur for narrow-angle glaucoma thyroid or adrenal gland tumour; high blood pressure; heart disease or sudden death. You should avoid the use of atomoxetine if you've taken an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid within the last 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can help improve symptoms of ADHD. It also helps reduce impulsivity and boost concentration, but it doesn't affect the brain in the same way as stimulants. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is crucial to follow the directions. There are withdrawal symptoms that can occur if you stop suddenly. The usual dosage is two or three doses per day, separated by four to six hours. The dosage can range between 100mg and three times a day to 150mg four or three times every day. The drug is in the digestive system, and excreted through urine. It cannot enter breast milk. However, it could get into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion raises blood pressure. It is essential to check it regularly. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD Bupropion can also reduce depression. It is also a treatment for bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine from reaching your brain, which helps stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications. Tell your doctor if taking any other medication. It is important to inform your doctor know if are suffering from any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants as they can make the side effects worse. A number of studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults with ADHD. These studies had mixed results and were poorly designed. Furthermore, many of them excluded people with psychiatric comorbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion may have a small impact on ADHD. Further research is needed to determine the positive effects for patients, such as the improvement in their quality of living. Additionally, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is required before effective treatment can be developed. This is a greater understanding of the relationship between the molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD don't work or cause side adverse effects. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to aid in concentration. These are older drugs which can cause serious adverse effects, so they're typically only considered when other drugs have failed. The first option of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants which have been around for decades, may still be utilized in certain instances. They are also effective in treating neuropathic pain. They provide a pain-relieving effect that is distinct from their antidepressant effect. They enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs have lower risks of toxicity, and less serious side effects than the tricyclic antidepressants. In addition, they're safer in pregnancy and aren't teratogenic in animals or humans. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. Your doctor might suggest gradually decreasing the dosage over several weeks to reduce the effects. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant that is used off-label to treat ADHD however, it is not FDA approved as an adhd drug. It is believed to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain, which improves concentration. It is also believed to alleviate anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants to achieve more rapid and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medications, but many people experience relief from herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may help reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people might benefit by avoiding caffeine. Inform your doctor about all medications you or your child is taking such as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will help minimize unwanted side effects as well as prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect individuals differently. It may take some trial and error to discover the ideal dosage and dose for your child or yourself.